Abstract / Description
OBJECTIVES: Older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia face elevated mental health risks. Mind-body interventions (MBIs) offer a promising approach, yet the psychosocial mechanisms supporting their benefits remain unclear. This scoping review examined (1) how MBIs influence mental health in aging-related MCI or dementia and (2) contextual factors shaping implementation. METHODS: Following Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a scoping review was conducted across PsycINFO, PubMed, AgeLine, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations. Data from eligible studies were charted and synthesized using a logic model linking MBI typologies, population-specific adaptations, psychosocial mechanisms of change, mental health outcomes, and implementation barriers/facilitators. RESULTS: Ninety-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Mental health findings were heterogeneous: several MBIs improved depression, anxiety, stress, quality-of-life, and/or well-being, whereas others yielded null effects. Adaptations associated with better outcomes included shortened, simplified sessions and caregiver involvement. Engagement, group connectedness, and skilful instruction emerged as recurrent mechanisms of change. Barriers included cognitive load, health comorbidities, and logistical obstacles; facilitators included flexible, user-centred formats and technology-supported reminders. CONCLUSION: MBIs appear feasible and potentially beneficial for the mental health of older adults with MCI or dementia, when tailored to cognitive and contextual needs. Mechanism-focused trials are needed to confirm efficacy and support scalable implementation.