A Conceptual Nutrition Literacy Framework for Adults in the United States: A Scoping Review and Thematic Analysis.

Poor dietary behavior is a major contributor to preventable chronic conditions in the United States. Although nutrition literacy (NL) is increasingly recognized as an important determinant of diet quality, the lack of a unified framework has limited its use in education, assessment, and intervention design. Therefore, this scoping review and thematic analysis aimed to synthesize existing NL definitions, frameworks, and measures to develop an evidence-based conceptual framework to guide assessment and intervention efforts among United States adults. A literature search was conducted using 4 databases: PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar (inception to August 2025). Peer-reviewed studies were included if they examined NL frameworks, models, programs, interventions, assessment tools, or reviews. Studies were excluded if they focused on minors (