THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF GROUNDING AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF SOIL PROCESSING MACHINE UNITS

The publication highlights the theoretical principles of substantiation and optimization of the parameters of tillage machine-tractor units as one of the key factors in increasing the efficiency, productivity and energy performance of forestry production. The research is based on a systematic methodology that integrates the fundamental principles of theoretical mechanics, soil mechanics, traction theory and the general theory of machine-tractor units for the development and operation of high-performance aggregates. A comprehensive analysis of the main factors determining productivity, energy efficiency, reliability and quality of technological operations during primary tillage was carried out. Particular attention is paid to the complex interrelationships between the structural and technological parameters of tillage machines, the traction and energy characteristics of power units, soil properties and specific operating conditions. Considerable attention is focused on the problem of reducing energy losses and improving the utilization of the traction capabilities of tractors. Modern approaches to mathematical modeling and optimization of operating parameters using traction-balance models, energy indicators and analysis of the time structure of technological operations are considered. The proposed methodology makes it possible to take into account actual operating conditions, changes in soil resistance, working speed, tractor wheel slip and the technical characteristics of the machines included in the unit. The research results, including the developed algorithms for determining the optimal number of machines in the aggregate and rational working speeds while taking into account skidding indicators and energy limitations, can be used to improve technological processes in forestry. The implementation of the proposed approaches provides a scientifically substantiated basis for selecting the composition and operating modes of machine-tractor units, increasing productivity and economic efficiency, reducing specific fuel and resource consumption, and improving the overall energy efficiency of forestry operations.