Exploring the knowledge of community health workers about behavioral risk factors contributing to NCDs in Bushbuckridge, Ehlanzeni District, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

Background Community health workers are essential in helping patients with non-communicable diseases; they must stay up to date on the latest information to carry out their duties efficiently. The present study aimed to explore CHWs' understanding of behavioral risk factors contributing to NCDs, providing valuable insights into their capacity to support NCD prevention and management, with a focus not only on behavioral risk factors but also on systemic and contextual challenges faced by CHWs. Methods The study explores community health workers' knowledge about behavioral risk factors contributing to non-communicable diseases. Purposive sampling was used to select 20 CHWs. The study employed a qualitative, explorative, and descriptive design, and focus group discussions were used. Using thematic analysis, the researchers were able to organize and interpret the data presented in themes systematically. Results Two themes emerged (Behavioral Risk Factors and Health System Analysis), along with seven subthemes, regarding the knowledge of community health workers about behavioral risk factors contributing to non-communicable diseases. The subthemes included unhealthy eating habits and poor lifestyle choices, mental health issues and stress, socio-economic influences, prevention support for lifestyle-related diseases, collaboration among healthcare professionals and stakeholders, conducting home visits, and logistical and structural challenges. Conclusion The findings of the present study highlighted factors contributing to non-communicable diseases, including unhealthy diets, excessive alcohol consumption, and stress, particularly among women, as well as systemic barriers like financial constraints and long lines at the clinic that hinder treatment adherence. Community health workers emphasized the importance of prevention through health education on nutrition, stress management, and physical activity, along with collaborative efforts with healthcare professionals to manage chronic conditions effectively.