Tuberculosis in Pregnancy: Challenges of Immune Protection.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting individuals of all ages and sexes. Individuals with altered immune responses, including pregnant women and people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, are particularly vulnerable to TB. The increased risk posed by TB in these groups can be explained by the epidemiology and pathogenesis of TB and their immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We highlight knowledge gaps that may hinder optimal treatment and prevention of TB in pregnant women with and without HIV.