Mapping genomic adaptation to environmental heterogeneity in Indian native goat populations through landscape genomics.

India harbours a diverse range of indigenous goat breeds that have adapted to varied climatic zones over centuries. This study investigated the genomic basis of local adaptation in these populations (n= 11) divided into seven agro-climatic zones using genome-wide SNP data and century-scale environmental variables. A total of 2,295,833 SNPs and 15 non-collinear bioclimatic predictors were analyzed using the landscape genomics tool R SamBada for genotype-environment association. Models were selected based on G-score and q-value thresholds (q